Department of Medicine was among the foundation Departments of the College of Medicine which was established by an Act of Parliament in 1962. The Department pursues and emphasizes the teaching of medicine, through good clinical skills backed by equally sound theoretical knowledge in the training of Students of Medicine. The primary duties of the Department are teaching research, and service to the community. Many of the Lecturers in the Department are Honorary Consultants to the Lagos University Teaching Hospital in Lagos.

The Department consists of eleven sub-specialty units viz:- Cardiology, Dermatology and Venereology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Haematology and Medical Oncology, Nephrology, Respiratory Medicine, Gastroenterology and Emergency Medicine. There are also newly created units for Infectious diseases and intensive care. Undergraduate Professional Programme The Department primarily trains Medical and Dental students, Pharmacy Students, and other Para-medical students to rotate through, the Department as part of their training. The Department is also involved in the teaching and training Student Nurses and Student Midwives.